How to install the JDK and the IntelliJ IDEA Java development environment for all operating systems

Contents:

• Installing the Java Development Kit on Windows
• Installing the Java Development Kit on Linux (Ubuntu)
• Installing the Java Development Kit on Linux (macOS)
• Installing the IntelliJ IDEA Community development environment (Windows)
• Installing the IntelliJ IDEA Community development environment (macOS)
• Installing the IntelliJ IDEA Community development environment (Ubuntu)

To start programming in Java, you need to install a software development kit (SDK). This kit allows you to run, debug, and execute your first programs. In addition, you will need an integrated development environment (IDE), which will be the place to write and test your code. Choosing the right IDE, such as IntelliJ IDEA or Eclipse, will help you work more efficiently and simplify the process of programming in Java.

Let's install the JDK and IntelliJ IDEA on Windows, Ubuntu, and macOS. This process will not take much time and will allow you to begin developing in Java. Follow the instructions for each operating system to ensure correct installation. We'll start with the JDK, and then move on to installing IntelliJ IDEA. This is the ideal development environment that supports a wide range of features and tools. Ready? Let's get started!

Installing the Java Development Kit on Windows

The Java Development Kit (JDK) is an essential software suite for developing Java applications. A standard JDK installation contains key components such as an interpreter, a lightweight version of the Java Runtime Environment (JRE), a compiler, a Java class library, a debugger, and tools for archiving and compressing JAR files. The JDK provides developers with a complete set of tools for creating, testing, and deploying Java applications, making it indispensable for programming professionals.

To install the JDK on Windows, follow these steps. First, download the latest version of the Java Development Kit (JDK) from the official Oracle or OpenJDK website. Make sure you choose the version that is compatible with your operating system. After the download is complete, run the installation file and follow the on-screen instructions. During the installation, it is recommended to remember or change the installation path to easily find the JDK later.

After installation, you need to configure environment variables. To do this, open Control Panel, then go to the "System" section and select "Advanced system settings". In the window that appears, click the "Environment Variables" button. In the "System Variables" section, find the Path variable and add the path to the bin folder where the JDK is installed. This will allow you to run Java from the command line.

It is also recommended to set the JAVA_HOME variable, which points to the JDK installation directory. Create a new variable named JAVA_HOME and specify the path to the JDK directory. After that, check the correctness of the installation by opening a command prompt and entering the java -version command. If the installation is successful, you will see the Java version information.

By following these steps, you can successfully install the JDK on Windows and start developing Java applications.

• Download the latest version of the package,
• Install it,
• Configure environment variables.

Looking for a free version of the Java Development Kit? Consider AdoptOpenJDK. This version is available for various operating systems, including Windows, macOS, Ubuntu, and other platforms. AdoptOpenJDK provides high performance and stability, making it an excellent choice for developers.

Go to the official website and select the appropriate JDK version (versions 8 and above are recommended) and the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) depending on your operating system.

I chose OpenJDK 11 (LTS) using HotSpot on a Windows x64 platform. OpenJDK 11 is a long-term support release that ensures stability and security. HotSpot is a high-performance implementation of the Java Virtual Machine that optimizes the execution of Java programs. Choosing Windows x64 ensures compatibility and maximum performance on modern 64-bit systems.

Download the file by clicking on the link that appears, which is highlighted in yellow in the image above.

Extract the downloaded archive to the C:\Program Files\Java\ directory. This is necessary to ensure that Java is installed correctly and available to applications. Make sure you have administrator privileges to perform this operation. After extracting the archives, you can continue with the Java installation process and configure environment variables for the software to function correctly.

The installation process will create a subfolder named jdk-*version number*, which will contain the bin folder.

The full path to the bin folder for me looks like this:

C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-11.0.2\bin is the key directory for installing the Java Development Kit (JDK) version 11.0.2. This folder contains important executable files and utilities required for developing Java applications. Using the contents of this directory, developers can compile and run their programs, as well as manage various aspects of Java development. Make sure the path to this folder is added to your system environment variables to make it easier to access the JDK tools from the command line.

To successfully work with Java projects, you must create the JAVA_HOME system variable, which will contain the path to the installed version of the JDK. This variable is essential for the correct operation of various programs and tools related to Java development. By setting JAVA_HOME, you will ensure access to the necessary libraries and resources, which will simplify the process of developing and configuring the environment for Java applications.

Open Control Panel, then go to the "System" section. Next, select "Advanced system settings" and go to the "Advanced" tab.

In Control Panel, you can enter the word "variables" without quotes in the search bar. The operating system will offer a list of options, from which you should select "Edit the system environment variables". This will allow you to quickly access system variable settings and make any necessary changes.

When the window opens, you'll be able to interact with various functions and settings. This space is designed for user convenience, allowing you to easily manage the necessary parameters. You'll be able to quickly find the tools you need and access useful information. Opening a window improves the overall experience of working with the application, making it more intuitive and accessible.

Click the "Environment Variables" button to access the settings.

In the window that opens, for the "System Variables" section, click the "Create" button. In the "Variable Name" field, enter JAVA_HOME using uppercase Latin letters. In the "Variable Value" field, enter the path to the installed version of Java, for example, C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-*version number*. This step is important for the correct operation of Java-based applications and ensures access to the necessary libraries and development tools. Properly setting the JAVA_HOME variable helps optimize the operation of development environments and simplifies the process of compiling and running Java programs.

In the "Environment Variables" section, you need to edit the Path system variable. It is important to add the path to the folder with the Java executable files, which looks like this: %JAVA_HOME%\bin. Please pay attention to the case of the characters, as this may affect the correct operation of Java. Properly setting the Path variable is a key step for successfully running Java applications and developing on this platform.

Restarting Windows is an important procedure that helps solve many problems with the operating system. Users often encounter freezes, slow operation, or errors in programs. Restarting your system can restore normal operation by freeing up RAM and closing all running processes. You can use several methods to restart Windows, including the Start menu, keyboard shortcuts, or the Command Prompt. Regularly restarting your system also helps improve its performance and security by allowing updates and patches to be installed. If you are experiencing problems with Windows, remember the importance of restarting as the first step to troubleshooting.

To launch the Command Prompt in Windows, press Win + R. In the window that opens, type cmd.exe and press Enter. This will open the command line interface, where you can execute various system commands and manage operating system settings.

In the console that opens, type javac -version and press Enter. This will allow you to check the version of the Java Compiler installed on your computer. Make sure the Java Development Kit (JDK) is installed and configured correctly to avoid potential problems when compiling Java programs.

After successful installation, you will see the version of your compiler.

Installing the Java Development Kit on Linux (Ubuntu)

Installing Installing the JDK on Ubuntu 20.04 (LTS), one of the most popular Linux distributions, is an important step for Java developers. In this article, we'll walk you through the process of installing the Java Development Kit (JDK) on Ubuntu 20.04 so you can start developing Java applications without any hassle.

The first step is to update your system's packages. To do this, open a terminal and run the update command. You can then install the JDK using the standard APT package manager. Once the JDK is installed, you can use it to develop, debug, and deploy Java applications.

It's also worth checking the version of the installed JDK to ensure the installation was successful. This can be done using the command in the terminal. Installing the JDK on Ubuntu 20.04 is quick and easy, making the process accessible even for those new to programming.

Installing Java on Ubuntu is a simple task, especially if you're using the standard version available in the repositories. Ubuntu 20.04 comes with OpenJDK 11 preinstalled by default, making the installation process as user-friendly as possible. OpenJDK 11 provides all the necessary features for developing and running Java applications. You can easily install it from the command line. Make sure your system is up to date to avoid dependency conflicts.

To update the package database, open a terminal window by pressing Ctrl + Alt + T. Then, run the APT command to update the database. This will allow your system to receive up-to-date information about available packages and updates.

Checking previously installed versions is carried out using the command:

If the installation has already been completed, we will see the following result:

To run applications written in Java, you need the Java Runtime Environment (JRE). However, to develop and compile programs, you need the Java Development Kit (JDK). JRE enables the execution of Java programs, and JDK provides all the necessary tools for creating and testing Java applications.

To install the Java Runtime Environment (JRE), open a terminal and enter the appropriate command. Make sure you have administrator privileges to successfully complete the installation. After executing the command, follow the on-screen instructions to complete the JRE installation process. This will allow you to run Java applications on your device.

To install the JDK, use the following command:

Enter the command:

Installing the Java Development Kit on Linux (macOS)

Installing using HomeBrew, a package manager for macOS, is a convenient and effective way to manage missing packages. HomeBrew simplifies the process of installing, updating, and removing software on macOS, making it accessible and intuitive. To use this method, just open a terminal and run a few simple commands. HomeBrew will automatically take care of downloading and configuring the necessary components, which saves users a lot of time and effort.

First, you need to add the repository to Homebrew. To do this, open a terminal by pressing Cmd + N and enter the following command:

To install OpenJDK 11, use the following command. Make sure you have the necessary permissions to perform the installation. OpenJDK 11 is an open-source implementation of the Java platform that provides support for modern Java applications. Installing this version of the JDK will allow you to develop and run Java applications, as well as take advantage of the latest features and improvements to the language.

The command to install OpenJDK 11 depends on your operating system. For example, on Ubuntu or Debian, you can use the APT package manager. To install on these systems, run the command:

sudo apt update && sudo apt install openjdk-11-jdk

Once the installation is complete, verify that OpenJDK 11 is installed correctly with the command:

java -version

This will allow you to see the installed Java version and ensure that it is working correctly. Installing OpenJDK 11 is an important step for developing and running Java applications on your system.

Installing the IntelliJ IDEA Community Development Environment (Windows)

IntelliJ IDEA is a powerful integrated development environment (IDE) designed to effectively create software projects in various programming languages. This IDE offers a wide range of tools and features that greatly simplify the development process, from writing code to testing and debugging. IntelliJ IDEA supports many languages, including Java, Kotlin, Groovy, and others, making it a versatile solution for developers. Users can take advantage of features such as intelligent syntax highlighting, code completion, built-in version control systems, and integration with popular frameworks. This makes IntelliJ IDEA an ideal choice for both beginners and experienced programmers looking to improve their productivity.

Today, IntelliJ IDEA is the most popular integrated development environment (IDE) for the Java language. Although there are other alternatives, such as Eclipse and NetBeans, we highly recommend choosing IDEA. The free version of this IDE offers a wide range of features, making it suitable for professional development. IntelliJ IDEA significantly simplifies the process of working with Java, allowing developers to focus on writing high-quality code and increasing their productivity.

A development environment (IDE) must include the following components: a code editor that provides syntax highlighting and autocompletion, a debugger for finding and fixing errors in code, version control tools for tracking changes in the project, and integration with build systems for process automation. Additionally, important elements include support for plugins and extensions, which help expand the IDE's functionality, as well as built-in tools for working with databases and testing. All of these components make the development process more efficient and convenient.

• a text editor for writing code (it knows the syntax of the required languages);
• a compiler;
• a debugger.

IntelliJ IDEA offers users two versions: a free (Community) and a paid (Ultimate) version. The main differences between these versions can be seen in the screenshot below. The free version is suitable for developing in Java, Kotlin, Groovy, and other languages, while the paid version includes advanced features for web development, support for enterprise applications, and integration with various frameworks. The choice between versions depends on your needs and level of professionalism in software development.

At the moment, the free version completely satisfies our needs.

IntelliJ provides students and teachers with free access to its software products. This is an excellent opportunity for training and advanced training in software development. Using IntelliJ's powerful tools can significantly improve code quality and speed up the development process. With these products, students and teachers can effectively master new technologies and apply them in educational projects and research.

Follow this link to download the Windows version.

Run the downloaded file with the .exe extension. Make sure you download it from a trusted source to avoid potential security risks. Once launched, follow the on-screen instructions to complete the installation of the program.

Click the «Next» button. (Next) and specify the path to install the program.

Continue the installation, proceed to configuring the parameters.

In general, this is a universal definition that is applicable to various aspects. The main elements that make up this concept include key characteristics and circumstances that play an important role in understanding the topic. This approach allows for a deeper understanding of the issue and the application of the acquired knowledge in practice. Note that adapting this definition to specific conditions can lead to a more accurate and effective result. It is important to take into account all the nuances to ensure full compliance with the requirements and expectations of the target audience.

• 64-bit launcher — to launch the 64-bit version of the application (a shortcut will be created on the desktop);
• Add ”Open Folder as Project” — allows you to open folders with source codes as projects directly through the context menu;
• .java — files of this type (with this extension) will be opened by IDEA (by default and through the context menu).

Click the “Next” button and select the folder to install IDEA shortcuts, leaving the default settings. This will provide convenient access to the program and its functionality.

Click the "Install" button. (Install) to begin the installation process.

Wait for the process to complete and click the Finish button.

When you first launch the application, you must accept the user agreement and click the "Continue" button. This is an important step that will allow you to use all the features of the application while complying with the terms of the agreement. Please ensure you read the agreement carefully before accepting it.

Choose a design theme for your interface. Two options are available: dark and light. The dark theme is suitable for use in low-light conditions, reducing eye strain. The light theme creates a bright and clean look, ideal for daytime. Choosing a design theme allows you to tailor the visual experience to your preferences and improve interaction with content.

Click the «Next» button in the «Default plugins» section. and proceed to selecting plugins for installation.

If you are not sure that a particular element is necessary for you, it is better to leave everything as is. However, if you do not need to work with Android, disable the corresponding option. This will help optimize your user experience and simplify the interface.

Don't worry if you add something unnecessary or forget something important. All changes can be easily corrected in the environment settings.

After that, click the "Next: featured plugins" button. and select the necessary plugins or leave all the default settings.

Click the "Start using IntelliJ IDEA" button.

Various functions are available to you on the Welcome screen of the development environment. You can create a new project, open an existing one, import one, or download a project from version control. This interface provides convenient access to all the tools you need to get started.

If you see this screen, then the installation and configuration have been completed successfully. Congratulations on successfully completing the process! You are now ready to learn.

Unless you're sure of what you really need, it's best to leave all the default settings. However, if you don't plan to work with Android devices, it's recommended to disable the corresponding option. This will help optimize your system and improve performance.

Don't worry if you add something unnecessary or forget to mention important points. All changes can be easily adjusted in the environment settings.

Installing the IntelliJ IDEA Community development environment (macOS)

Installing on macOS is easier than on Windows. First, download the macOS version from this link. If you're interested in the differences between the Community and Ultimate editions, please see the Windows installation section above.

First, open the downloaded .dmg file. This format is used to install programs on macOS operating systems. Double-clicking the file will begin the disk mounting process. Once installation is complete, you'll see a new window containing the application installation files. Follow the on-screen instructions to successfully install the program on your Mac. Make sure you download files only from trusted sources to keep your device safe.

Copying a file to the Applications folder is an important step when installing or updating software on your computer. To do this, open File Explorer, find the file you need, and move it to the Applications directory. Make sure you have the appropriate permissions to perform this action, as some files may require administrator privileges. After successfully copying the file to the "Applications" folder, you can run or install the program by following the further instructions.

Read the operating system warning and click the "Open" button. This action allows you to run an application or file that requires your permission. Ensure that the source of the file is trusted to avoid potential security risks. It is important to always heed warnings to protect your data and system.

To complete the process, you must agree to the user agreement and click the "Continue" button. (Continue).

The application is now available for use. Enjoy learning!

Installing the IntelliJ IDEA Community Development Environment (Ubuntu)

To install IntelliJ IDEA on Ubuntu, open the Software Center. In the search bar, type "IntelliJ IDEA" and select the desired version from the list of results. Then, click the install button. Follow the on-screen instructions to complete the installation. Once complete, you can find IntelliJ IDEA in the applications menu and launch it for development in Java and other programming languages. Make sure you have the necessary dependencies and system updates installed for the program to work correctly.

Search for "Intellij" (without quotes). We need the IDEA Community version. For detailed information on the differences between the Community and Ultimate editions, please see the previously presented material regarding installation on Windows.

Select the required version and click the "Install" button. This step will allow you to begin the software installation process. Make sure you select the correct version that matches your operating system and requirements. After clicking the button, the installation will start automatically.

After installing IDEA software, it becomes available in the programs menu.

Run the application, accept the user agreement and click the "Continue" button.

A loading indicator will appear on the screen.

On the Welcome screen, you can create a new project, open an existing one, or import one. It is also possible to download the project from the version control system.

If you see this screen, then the installation and configuration have been completed successfully. We wish you productive learning!