San Francisco 1,000 Years Later: How the World and Settlements of Horizon: Forbidden West Were Created

Contents:

• Brief Information about the Speaker and the Horizon Series
• Megapolis 1,000 Years Later
• Overview of the Valley Song Settlement (Utaru Tribe)
• Overview of the Burning Spear Settlement (Desert Clan of the Tenakth Tribe)
• Relevance of the Approach and Results

At GDC 2022, Roland Igermans, lead concept artist at Guerrilla Games, presented a talk about the creation of the world of Horizon: Forbidden West and its influence on the formation of various settlements. In his presentation, he detailed the principles that guided his team's tribe design, emphasizing the importance of interaction between the environment and the cultural aspects of gaming communities.

Skillbox Media's Gamedev editorial team presents the key ideas from the developer's talk. In this article, we'll cover important aspects and tips that will help both beginners and experienced game developers. You'll learn about modern trends, tools, and methods that can significantly improve the quality of your projects. Stay tuned and dive into the world of game development with up-to-date knowledge and recommendations from professionals.

Brief information about the speaker and the Horizon series

Roland Igermans started his career at Guerrilla Games in 2002, immediately after completing his studies at Delft University of Technology. Over the past five years, he has been actively collaborating with the studio's team of concept artists, making significant contributions to the design of Horizon: Forbidden West. His experience and creativity played a key role in creating the project's unique visual aesthetic.

Horizon Series The game takes place in a post-apocalyptic world where nature has once again gained dominance over human civilization. For centuries, the planet's ecosystem developed independently, completely excluding human intervention. When humans returned, they were faced with the loss of the knowledge left behind by their ancestors, known in the game as the Forerunners. This world is filled with mysterious mechanisms and dangerous creatures, and players must unravel the mysteries of the past to understand how to survive in the new reality.

The development of the new civilization was halted at the hunter-gatherer level. The reasons for this phenomenon are related to limited access to resources and the lack of conditions for the formation of more complex social structures. As a result, communities remained within the framework of primitive modes of existence, which prevented them from advancing to higher levels of social and economic organization.

Survival in the new world became a real challenge for humanity in the presence of mechanical creatures. These machines vary in appearance and size, but they share one important characteristic: hostility towards humans. Life in such an environment becomes a serious challenge, requiring adaptation and new survival strategies. Humanity is forced to seek ways to combat and protect itself from the threats posed by these technologies, not only to survive but also to preserve its culture and identity.

Megapolis 1000 Years Later

Five years ago, a team of concept artists at Guerrilla Games considered the future of San Francisco in a thousand years if it were flooded due to climate change. The artists began studying research regarding forecasts of the city's inundation due to rising sea levels and the associated irreversible processes. Their analysis concluded that the megapolis would become an archipelago surrounded by buildings whose upper floors would remain above ground. This discovery became the basis for their artistic vision and inspiration when creating new game locations.

The buildings in question are gradually losing their original appearance. Over time, concrete floors begin to disintegrate, and a layer of soil forms on the upper levels, creating ideal conditions for the growth of plants and trees. This leads to the formation of a dense jungle. In the area where the waterline lies, the architectural forms of buildings are transformed into bare frames by the action of the waves. Coral reefs begin to form on the submerged ruins, indicating a new wave of life in these areas. These changes highlight the importance of the ecosystem and show how nature restores balance to the habitat, even in the face of human intervention.

The spacious lobbies of skyscrapers will eventually transform into something resembling underwater caves. The rectangular building openings will begin to round out due to the constant impact of water on the concrete structures, causing stalactites to form on the ceilings. This process will testify to the devastating consequences of deteriorating infrastructure and climate change. It is important to pay attention to the need to protect modern buildings from environmental influences to prevent their further degradation.

Artists We explored the underwater landscape of San Francisco and the changes that would occur to its main landmarks in the event of flooding. For example, the architecture of the Palace of Fine Arts would be relatively undamaged, as it was constructed using natural stone. Furthermore, during its most recent reconstruction, the building's foundation was reinforced to improve seismic stability, which will help it maintain its integrity even underwater. In contrast, the Ferry Building would be subject to more rapid deterioration. While the stone façade would survive, the metal interior structures are susceptible to corrosion and would deteriorate within just a few hundred years of flooding. Thus, the future of San Francisco architecture raises interesting questions about the preservation of cultural heritage in the face of climate change.

Objects on land will undergo Significant changes will occur. Buildings constructed using metal structures will crumble, and the once-bustling streets of San Francisco will be transformed into a new white-sand beachfront. This landscape transformation will dramatically alter the city's appearance and its architectural heritage.

This example of a post-apocalyptic metropolis clearly demonstrates the unique features of the world of Horizon. The ruins left by the Forerunner civilization serve as the basis for the formation of diverse cultures. In his presentation, Roland analyzes this phenomenon using the case studies of two settlements, the Utaru and Tenakth tribes, featured in Horizon: Forbidden West. Exploring the interaction of these tribes with the environment and the Forerunner legacy provides a deeper understanding of how the past influences the development of new societies in the post-apocalyptic world.

Overview of the settlement of Valley Song (Utaru tribe)

In the world of Horizon, machines pose a serious threat to humanity, which has led many tribes to build fortified settlements to protect them from mechanical creatures. However, the Utaru tribe has developed a unique concept: in their territory, robots do not threaten humans, but, on the contrary, obey them. But how do humans manage to tame enormous machines? This question opens new horizons in understanding the interaction between humans and technology, while the Utaru tribe demonstrates a unique approach to coexistence with mechanical creatures. A need arose to create mechanisms capable of serving humans. As a result, the concept of the Plowhorn—a powerful device for agricultural work—was developed. The Plowhorn's primary function is to fertilize the soil and plant seeds, which are placed in special bags. These mechanisms are capable of transforming barren lands into fertile areas, which made them an ideal solution for creating the settlement of Utaru.

Fertile land is an important factor for creating settlements, but it is not enough. Resources for constructing buildings and producing clothing are also necessary. The development team chose bamboo as the main building material. This resource grows in abundance, is lightweight and flexible, making it ideal for constructing huts. Bamboo is not only durable but also environmentally friendly, contributing to the sustainable development of the settlement.

Concept artists began developing the basic forms for the frame, drawing on a variety of weaving techniques used in different cultures around the world. They paid special attention to the Japanese method of creating ikebana baskets, which inspired them to create unique and functional pieces. This approach combines tradition and modernity, making the artists' work particularly appealing to art and design enthusiasts.

This technique intertwines lacquered strips of bamboo stems to form an original pattern that has become a distinctive feature of the Utaru tribe's hut designs. The uniqueness of this approach lies in the intertwined strips that create the illusion that the hut is not the product of human labor, but a true miracle of nature. This emphasizes the harmony between architecture and the environment, making each structure part of the natural landscape.

The team developed various versions of bamboo huts, adhering to the principle of constantly experimenting with new patterns. These structures resemble large baskets in which people live, giving them a unique and attractive appearance. This design concept contributed to the formation of a vibrant and distinctive image of the Utaru tribe, emphasizing their cultural traditions and connection with nature. Bamboo huts are not only aesthetically pleasing but also eco-friendly, making them ideal for sustainable living.

The downside of the hut design is that this weaving does not provide protection from the rain. However, this appearance provides an opportunity to experiment with lighting at night, when rays of light penetrate through the holes in the weave. The ribbon structure of the walls and ceilings, combined with curved shapes, creates an aesthetically pleasing effect.

The team installed huts on the ancient ruins of a satellite system created by the Forerunners in An era when the surrounding landscape was desert. This arrangement ensured safe habitation and gave the settlement a unique appearance. The huts, nestled among historical remains, create an air of mystery and attract the attention of researchers and tourists interested in ancient civilizations and their achievements.

People settled on giant satellite dishes, creating unique neighborhoods with various functions. One of the dishes served as a kitchen and food storage, providing residents with essential resources. Another housed equipment storage and settlement management councils. A third dish became home to a large tree, which the residents not only preserved but also cultivated a garden around it with rare plants unavailable in the surrounding area. In the central lower part there is a residential area, where houses and public spaces are concentrated.

The team created A unified infrastructure, connecting parts of the settlement with suspension bridges. The design of these bridges, similar to the huts, is designed to give the player the feeling that they are naturally integrated into the landscape. This approach emphasizes Utaru's deep connection with nature and creates a unique atmosphere that enhances immersion in the gameplay.

The Utaru bamboo weaving technique is used not only in construction but also to create various objects, including lamps that emit a soft glow at night. Masters of the art of weaving have integrated elements of this technique into the design of harvesting tools, tying them around machine parts. This gives the products not only aesthetic appeal but also functionality, making them indispensable in agriculture and home decor. Utaru bamboo weaving combines tradition and innovation, making it a popular choice for creating unique and eco-friendly items.

The headdresses were made using the texture of woven patterns, which gives them a unique View. Bamboo has proven to be an excellent material for footwear due to its strength and lightness. However, using rigid materials for clothing is difficult, prompting designers to develop special fabrics from leaves and machine-made cable. These innovative materials were "tried on" on a person, wrapping them around the body in a tunic style, which allows you to create original and comfortable wardrobe items.

The result was an asymmetrical design with multiple intertwined ribbons. The garments wrapped around the figure, finishing in a coil around the neck and secured at the chest with a massive teardrop-shaped clasp. A hidden seed pouch was located within this clasp, adding an element of functionality and originality. This design not only emphasizes individuality but also creates a unique style for those who choose such outfits.

This accessory pouch is a tribute to the Plowhorns. The Utaru expressed their appreciation for these machines not only through objects, but also through rituals. People would go out into the fields and perform an act of courage by touching the Plowhorn with hands previously dipped in colored paint. This is why Plowhorns, decorated with colored handprints on metal plates, can be seen in the fields near the settlement. This ritual became a symbol of the connection between people and machines, emphasizing respect for technology and work.

Overview of the settlement of Burning Spear (Desert clan of the Tenakth tribe)

Unlike the Utaru tribe, some members of the Tenakth people inhabit desert terrain. Limited resources have forced them to adopt a more aggressive lifestyle, leading to frequent raids on neighboring settlements. These actions have become necessary to ensure the survival and protection of their people in the harsh environment.

The Tenakth tribe consists of three clans: Desert, Valley, and Sky. Its origins are associated with the ruins left by the Forerunner civilization. An important element of Tenakth culture is a war memorial discovered by the tribe, erected a thousand years ago in honor of the army that fought the rebellious machines. Holograms depicting past heroes became the basis for the appearance of the Tenakth representatives. However, over time, due to the influence of the environment, the projections of the soldiers have undergone significant distortions. This makes the memorial not only a historical monument, but also a symbol of the changes occurring in the culture and identity of the tribe.

The team began searching for solutions to implement the concept of faulty holograms. Initially, the artists experimented with the images, applying various color filters and distortion effects. Despite this, the holograms' content remained legible. In the next stage of their work, the artists began to distort the images, gradually stretching the soldiers' silhouettes and creating the effect of thick glass. As a result, the images became increasingly distorted, acquiring unusual silhouettes, which added depth and intrigue to the concept of malfunctioning holograms.

In the next step, the team developed unique color palettes and patterns for each Tenakth clan. The designers focused on settlement locations that correspond to the operational locations of the military units represented in the museum. The Desert Clan, known for its aggressive nature, received a bright and striking color scheme. The Valley Clan, composed primarily of hunters, uses symbolism that includes fang-like elements, emphasizing their connection to nature. The Sky Clan, whose element is mountains, is distinguished by patterns with sharp angles and muted colors, reflecting their character and the environment. These design elements not only make each clan unique, but also create a visual connection to their culture and way of life.

Artists began exploring how patterns simulating holographic interference would appear in motion and when the viewing angle changed.

Tenact The Forerunners are fierce warriors who disdain architectural refinements and prefer to establish their settlements on existing ruins. Artists proposed the idea of ​​transforming a Forerunner solar power plant located in the desert into a clan fortress. This power plant would serve as a secure base, encased in solar panels, providing protection and functionality. In addition, warriors will be able to observe the surrounding area from the height of the spire located in the center of the location, which will provide them with a strategic advantage.

The Tenakt lack construction skills, so their buildings have a primitive appearance. For inspiration for the hut designs, the artists turned to the mechanics of the game "Mikado," in which numerous sharp wooden beams are stacked on top of each other, like a traditional game. This approach emphasizes the simplicity and naturalness of the architecture, creating a unique style that reflects the characteristics of Tenakt culture.

The remaining space outside the intersections was filled with flooring and walls, giving the huts a disordered shape reminiscent of distorted holograms from the memorial. The roof design was complemented by striking overhangs that provided the shade necessary for comfortable outdoor living. This approach to architecture not only provides protection from the sun, but also creates a unique atmosphere that promotes harmony with nature.

To design the settlement, the team used color schemes that reflect the images of the clan representatives. The completed huts were arranged around the solar power plant's central tower. As a result, the settlement took on a menacing appearance, resembling from a distance an explosion frozen in time. The artists believe that this visual effect enhances the clan's sense of hostility, creating an atmosphere that reflects its character and imagery.

After completing the design, the team noted that the monochromatic concrete tower looked bland against the brightly colored huts and was out of sync with the surrounding landscape. Therefore, the designers focused on the exterior finish of the concrete walls, adding a jagged texture. Vibrant colors and wooden elements gave the project a holographic appearance, enhancing the building's visual appeal and integration into the overall style.

In the center of Burning Spear is a fighting pit where warriors train. Above this pit is a building, topped by the clan commander's hut. Periodically, the commander emerges onto the balcony to oversee the bustling life of his settlement. This place not only serves as a training ground, but also symbolizes the strength and unity of the clan, as well as its commitment to the traditions of martial excellence.

The Relevance of the Approach and Results

Roland notes that when he presented the Tenakt concept to some listeners, it seemed overly far-fetched. However, when an entire culture is formed based on a misunderstanding of a hologram from the past, this no longer seems like an exaggeration. Similar situations also occur in real life, confirming that the interpretation of information can lead to the creation of new social phenomena.

It was long believed that ancient sculptures were white, but scientific research has proven that their surfaces were covered with colored paints. Despite this, the aesthetics of snow-white statues continues to inspire artists and architects. If humanity had learned about the preserved pigments in sculptures earlier, perhaps the use of white coatings during the restoration of museum exhibits would have been abandoned. Debunking the myth of white antique sculptures highlights the importance of historical context and accuracy in art criticism.

Brief Overview The Utaru and Tenakth tribe settlements provide a deeper understanding of the challenges Roland's team faced when creating Horizon: Forbidden West. The main goal of the concept artists was not only to develop an impressive design, but also to create the most immersive game world possible, which opened up new horizons for visual solutions.

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Horizon: Forbidden West Analysis: The Impact of Developer Innovations on the Sequel

Horizon: Forbidden West is a sequel to the successful game Horizon Zero Dawn, and in it, the developers offered many innovations that significantly enriched the gameplay. In this article, we will consider how the changes and improvements implemented in the sequel affected the overall perception of the game.

One of the key innovations is an expanded open world, which has become more diverse and rich. Players are given the opportunity to explore new locations, each of which has its own unique elements and ecosystem. This not only adds depth to exploration but also creates new opportunities for interaction with the surrounding world.

Also worth noting is the improved combat system. The developers have reworked the combat mechanics, introducing new abilities and capabilities for the character. This made battles more dynamic and strategic, which positively impacted the gameplay and the player's experience.

The graphics and sound have also received significant improvements. Stunning visuals and high-quality sound help create an atmosphere that immerses the player in the game world. This is especially noticeable in scenes where the player encounters mechanical creatures, which have become even more realistic.

In addition, the storyline of Horizon: Forbidden West has been expanded and deepened. New characters and quests make the story more engaging and multi-layered, attracting the attention of both new players and fans of the first part.

Overall, the innovations implemented by the developers in Horizon: Forbidden West have noticeably improved the gaming experience. Improvements to the open world, combat system, graphics, and storyline make the sequel more engaging and attractive to players.